ÀÌ°÷Àº Àڱ⼾¼­ÀÇ Á¾·ù ¹× ¿ø¸®¿Í ¼¾¼­ÀÇ Á¦ÀÛ

 Àڱ⼾¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ÀÚ±â°èÃø±âÀÇ µðÀÚÀο¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀڷḦ Á¦°øÇÕ´Ï´Ù.        

  

 ¼¼°è ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Àڱ⼾¼­ (³ªÄ§¹Ý - magnetic compass)

 Àڱ⼾¼­(Magnetic sensor)¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëµÇ´Â ¿ø¸®µé

 ÀÚ±âÀå ŽÁö¼¾¼­ÀÇ ºÐÇØ´É ºñ±³

 È¦¼¾¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °¡¿ì½º¸ÞŸ (Gauss meter) µðÀÚÀÎ

 ÀÚµ¿Â÷¿¡ ÀÚ¼®(magnet)ÀÌ ¾ó¸¶³ª ÀÌ¿ëµÉ±î ?

 Àڱ⼾¼­ÀÇ ÀÀ¿ë - »óÇ° µµ³­ ¹æÁö ½Ã½ºÅÛ (EAS system)

 º¯À§ ÃøÁ¤ Àڱ⼾¼­  LVDT

 ¿ìÁÖ¼± (º¸ÀÌÀú 1, 2 È£)¿¡µµ Àڱ⼾¼­°¡ È°¿ëµÈ´Ù

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

¼¼°èÃÖÃÊÀÇ Àڱ⼾¼­ (³ªÄ§¹Ý - magnetic compass)

 

 

 

                       

 

 

         ÀÚ¼®À» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ±â±¸·Î¼­ ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î ÃÖÃÊ ±â·ÏÀº ³ªÄ§¹ÝÀ¸·Î  ¾Ë·ÁÀú  ÀÖ´Ù.

         À§ ³ªÄ§¹ÝÀº ±â¿øÀü 3 ¼¼±â°æ Áß±¹ ÀüÀï½ÃÀÇ ¹®Çå¿¡ ±â·ÏµÇ¾î  ÀÖ°í, ÀÚħÀº

         Ãµ¿¬ ÀÚö±¤(loadstone)À» ÀÀ¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¦Á¶ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁø´Ù.

         ´õ¿í ³î¶ó¿î °ÍÀº ¿øÆÇÀÇ ÁöÆÇÀº ¿¾  ¶û³¶±¹ (Áö±ÝÀÇ Çѱ¹¶¥)ÀÇ ¶¥¼Ó ¿¡¼­

         ¹ß±¼ÇÏ¿© ÇöÀç ¿ÊÄ¥À» ÇÏ¿© º¹¿øÇÏ¿´´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù.

 

 

 

 

 

 Àڱ⼾¼­(Magnetic sensor)¿¡ ÀÀ¿ëµÇ´Â ¿ø¸®µé

Year Effect Explanation Technical Use
1842 Joule effect Change in shape of a ferromagnetic body with magnetization In combination with piezoelectric elements for magnetometers and potentiometers
1846 [DELTA]E effect Change in Young's modulus with magnetization Acoustic delay line components for magnetic field measurement
1847 Matteucci effect Torsion of a ferromagnetic rod in a longitudinal field changes magnetization Magnetoelastic sensors
1856 Thomson effect Change in resistance with magnetic field Magnetoresistive sensors
1858 Wiedemann effect A torsion is produced in a current carrying ferromagnetic rod when subjected to a longitudinal field Torque and force measurement
1865 Villari effect Effect on magnetization by tensile or compressive stress Magnetoelastic sensors
1879 Hall effect A current carrying crystal produces a transverse voltage when subjected to a magnetic field vertical to its surface Magnetogalvanic sensors
1903 Skin effect Displacement of current from the interior of material to surface layer due to eddy currents Distance and proximity sensors
1931 Sixtus Tonks effect Pulse magnetization by large Barkhausen jumps Wiegand and pulse-wire sensors
1962 Josephson effect Tunnel effect between two superconducting materials with an extremely thin separating layer; quantum effect SQUID magnetometers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 ÀÚ±âÀå ŽÁö¼¾¼­ÀÇ ºÐÇØ´É ºñ±³

      ÀÚ±âÀåŽÁö±â¼ú

          Å½Áö°¡´ÉÇÑ field (gauss)

                            

1. Search coil

2. Flux gate

3. Optically Pumped

4. Nuclear Precession

5. SQUID

6. Hall Effect

7. Magnetoresistive

8.Magnetodiode

9. Magnetotransister

10. Fiber optic

11. Magneto Optical

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

***

 

 

 

 

   *

 

***

 **

***

 **

***

 

 **

 

 

***

 

***

***

***

***

***

 

***

 

 

***

 

***

***

***

***

 

 

***

 

 

***

 

***

***

***

***

 

 

***

 **

***

***

 

***

***

 

 

 

***

***

***

***

*

***

***

***

 

 

 

***

 

***

***

 

***

***

 

 

 

 

***

 

 

 

 

***

***

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

***

  * James E. Lenz,  A Review of Magnetic  Sensors  1990 IEEE¿¡¼­ ÀοëÇÔÀ» ¾Ë¸³´Ï´Ù.

         

 

 

 

 

 

Ȧ ¼¾¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °¡¿ì½º¸ÞŸ (Gaussmeter using the Hall sensor)

 

ÀÚ±âÀåÀ» °ËÃâÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ µû¶ó °ËÃâ ¼¾¼­ÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â ¿©·¯ °¡Áö°¡ ÀÖÀ¸³ª ¾Æ¸¶µµ °¡Àå ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁø

¼¾¼­´Â Ȧ ¼¾¼­ÀÏ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.   È¦ ¼¾¼­ÀÇ µ¿ÀÛÀº ¹ÝµµÃ¼(Ȧ ¼ÒÀÚ)ÀÇ Àü±Ø¿¡ Àü·ù¸¦ È帣°Ô ÇÑ ÈÄ ¼öÁ÷

¹æÇâÀ¸·Î ÀÚ±âÀåÀ» Àΰ¡Çϸé Àü·ùÀÇ ¹æÇâ°ú ÀÚ±âÀå ¹æÇâ¿¡ ¼öÁ÷ÇÏ°Ô  ÀüÀ§Â÷(electric potential)°¡

¹ß»ýÇÑ´Ù. À̸¦ Ȧ Àü¾Ð()À̶ó ÇÏ°í ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ Ç¥ÇöµÈ´Ù.

 

                                                        

 

 ¿©±â¼­ ´Â Ȧ Àü¾Ð

            ´Â ºñ·Ê°è¼ö

             ´Â Ȧ ¼¾¼­¿¡ Àΰ¡ÇÏ´Â Àü·ù

             ´Â ¿ÜºÎ Magnetic flux density

                                                      È¦ ±âÀü·ÂÀÌ ¹ß»ý °³³äµµ

                                        

¸¸ÀÏ Àΰ¡ÇÏ´Â Àü·ù°¡ Á¤ Àü·ù ¼Ò½º(constant current source)¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Ç×»ó ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Àü·ù°¡ È帣°Ô

ÇÑ´Ù¸é ¿ÜºÎ ÀÚ±âÀå¿¡ ºñ·ÊÇÑ ¾î´À Á¤µµ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ãâ·ÂÀü¾ÐÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

¾î´À Á¤µµ ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ Ãâ·Â Àü¾ÐÀ̶ó°í ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯´Â Ȧ ¼ÒÀÚ ÀÚüÀÇ ºñ¼±Çü¼º (non-linear)¶§¹® Àε¥ ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ

ºñ¼±Çü¼ºÀÌ Á¸ÀçÇÏ¿©µµ Ȧ ¼ÒÀÚ¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¹ÝµµÃ¼ ¼ÒÀÚÀ̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¹Ýº¹¼ºÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ¿ì¼ö

ÇÏ¿© ºñ¼±Çü¼ºÀ» º¸»óÇϴ ȸ·Î(´ëºÎºÐÀÌ Æ¯Çã·Î º¸È£¹Þ°í ÀÖ½¿)¸¦ Ãß°¡Çϱ⸸ ÇÏ¸é ¼Õ½±°Ô ¼±Çü ÀÚ±â

Àå°ËÃâ±â¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

MagLAB Àڱ⼾¼­¿¡¼­´Â Ȧ ¼ÒÀÚ¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °¡¿ì½º ¸ÞŸÀÇ ±âº» ȸ·Î¸¦ °ø°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡ÀÇ µµ¸éÀº Ȧ

¼¾¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °£´ÜÇÑ °¡¿ì½º ¸ÞŸÀÇ ±¸¼º ȸ·ÎµµÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

         (Constant current source¿Í ºñ¼±Çü º¸»óȸ·Î´Â Á¦¿ÜµÈ ±âº» ȸ·ÎÀÓÀ» ¾Ë¸³´Ï´Ù.)

 

 

                                   

 

                                     È¦ ¼¾¼­¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °¡¿ì½º¸ÞŸÀÇ µµ¸é

 

  À§ÀÇ µµ¸é¿¡¼­ ¿ÞÂÊÀÇ OP amp. ´Â Ȧ ¼¾¼­¿¡ Àΰ¡ÇÏ´Â Àü·ù¸¦ °ø±ÞÇÏ°í, ¿À¸¥ÂÊ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â OP amp.´Â

Ȧ ¼¾¼­¿¡¼­ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â ±âÀü·ÂÀ» ÁõÆøÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °ÍÀÓ.